Incense has become a polarizing topic in the Church. Some love it, some hate it, very few are indifferent. But why do we use incense during Mass and why have we for centuries?
The use of incense in the liturgy is an important element for liturgical, theological, and historical reasons.
Olfactory qualities also play a large role in the use of incense. The scent draws us in to a mindset of sacredness. Each time we smell it we are reminded that we are in prayer. Some churches even use different scents for each liturgical season, setting the tone of the season along with the liturgical colors, music, and texts.
The General Instruction of the Roman Missal (GIRM) states that incense may be used during the entrance procession; at the beginning of Mass to incense the altar; at the procession and proclamation of the Gospel; at the offertory, to incense the offerings, altar, priest, and people; and at the elevation of the Sacred Host and chalice of Precious Blood after the consecration. The crucifix and Paschal candle may also be incensed by the priest. Incense is also used at Vespers, Evensong, funerals, and benediction and exposition of the Blessed Sacrament. During Holy Week it is used on Holy Thursday and at the Easter Vigil.
While it may not be everyone’s favorite thing, incense has deep roots in the Church and serves as an important symbol of prayer, honor, purification, and sanctification. In being mindful of those who are physically intolerant of it, we must be sensitive both to the comfort of parishioners as well as to the important legacy of our symbols and traditions.
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